PLATYHELMINTHES VOCABULARY
Phylum Platyhelminthes
Flatworms are Acoelomates with Gastrovascular Cavities |
Parenchyma: Loose tissue, fills space between other specialized tissues, organs, and body wall, and provide skeletal support, nutrient storage, motility, reserves of regenerate cells, transports materials, structural interactions with other tissues, modifiable, tissue for morphogenesis, oxygen storage, etc.
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Class Turbellaria
Body Wall |
Rhabdites: rodlike cells that swell and form a protective mucous sheath around the body
Adhesive glands: open to the epithelial surface and produce a chemical
Releaser glands: secrete a chemical that dissolves the attachment as needed
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Exchanges with the Environment |
Protonephridia: networks of fine tubules that run the length of the turbellarian, along each of it's sides
Flame Cells: tiny enlargements; fine side branches of the tubules originating in the parenchyma
Nephridiopore: minute openings in the body wall
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Nervous System and Sense Organs |
Auricles: Sensory lobes; may project from the side of the head
Ocelli: two simple eyespots
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Reproduction and Development |
Zoolids: two (or more) animals that result from fission and they regenerate missing parts after separating from each other
Cocoon: a hard capsule that encloses many turbellarian eggs
Müller's larva: Free-swimming stage of some turbellarians development
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Class Monogenea: Development |
Oncomiracidium: a ciliated larva
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Class Trematoda
General Characteristics |
Flukes: describes the wide, flat shape of the Trematoda, the parasitic flatworm of this class
Tegument: epidermis outer layer that forms a a continuous layer of fused cells (Syncytium); outer zone consists of an organic layer of proteins and carbohydrates
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Subclass Aspidogastrea |
Opisthaptor: large, oval holdfast organ, covers the entire ventral surface of the animal and characterizes all aspidogastreans
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Subclass Digenea |
Oral Sucker: anterior sucker that surrounds the mouth
Acetabulum: other sucker located below the oral sucker on the middle portion of the body
Operculum: the eggs of digenetic trematodes are oval and usually have a lid like hatch
Miracidium: a ciliated larva that swims out when an egg reaches freshwater and the operculum opens
Sporocyst: a miracidium that loses its cilia and may remain in the egg and hatch after a snail eats it
Daughter sporocysts/ Rediae: what sporocysts develop into from the embryonic cells inside the bag-like sporocysts
Cercariae: next larval stage formed from the embryonic cells in each daughter sporocysts
Metacercaria: the form that the cercaria is in when it penetrates the host and encysts
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Class Cestoidea
General Characteristics |
Proglottids: a long series of repeating units
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Subclass Eucestoda |
Scolex: a holdfast structure
Strobila: a series of linearly arranged proglottids
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Some Important Tapeworm Parasites of Humans |
Onchosphere: a six-hooked (hexacanth) larva
Cysticercus (Bladder worm): an encysted worm that formed a fluid-filled bladder
Cysticercosis: disease that occurs when the cysticerci encyst in the brain
Coracidia: ciliated larvae that has come from eggs that were deposited in freshwater and have hatched
Procercoid Larvae: larvae that has shed their ciliated coats in the copepods
Plerocercoid Larvae: procercoids that have burrowed into the muscle of fish
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** THESE WORDS AND DEFINITIONS COME FROM THE TEXTBOOK ON THE HOME SCREEN. THE HEADINGS USED ARE THE ONES IN THE BOOK THAT DIVIDE THE CHAPTER AND ORGANIZE THE INFORMATION. WE ARE NOT ZOOLOGY EXPERTS. USE WITH CAUTION**